Strategies for the Effective Management of Bleeding in Trauma Patients: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Injuries are the leading cause of death worldwide among individuals aged 1-46. Effective management strategies like preventing dilutional coagulopathy, enhancing clotting, and early bleeding cessation can reduce trauma-related mortality. A restrictive transfusion strategy is advised for trauma patients, aiming to maintain hemoglobin levels between 7-9 g/dL. Administering tranexamic acid within 3 hours of trauma is suggested for those with active bleeding or at high risk of bleeding. For patients suspected of massive bleeding in the emergency department, a platelet-to-plasma-to-pRBC ratio of 1: 1: 1 or 1: 1: 2 is recommended by guidelines. In conclusion, traumatic coagulopathy requires immediate medical intervention and personalized treatment approaches to counteract its severe, potentially fatal consequences.