Reversible Splenial Lesion in Children: A Two-Case Report

“Reversible splenial lesion syndromes” (RESLES) is a rare and complex syndrome, involving diseases or conditions characterized by an isolated reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum with a transient and abnormal diffusion restriction detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The pathogenesis of this syndrome is unclear, and the prognosis is good. It can often present with a clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) in children. This study presents two cases of RESLES in 16-year-old and 5-year-old male patients who were found to have abnormal diffusion restriction in the splenium on MRI and presented with two different clinical presentations. RESLES and MERS should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of acute encephalitis/encephalopathy and nonspecific neurological symptoms.