Peroneal Nerve Entrapment Neuropathy in a Patient With Right Hemiplegia Due to Posttraumatic Subdural Hematoma

Peroneal nerve injury develops as a result of trauma or mechanical or postural compression of the nerve at the fibular head. It frequently occurs due to trauma; however, tumor, intraneural ganglion, hematoma, cyst, or iatrogenic causes also play a role in its etiology. In the differential diagnosis of peroneal nerve involvement, which can lead to weakness in foot dorsiflexion, L5 radiculopathy, lumbosacral plexus lesion, partial lesions of the sciatic nerve, and motor neuron disease should be considered. In peroneal nerve entrapment neuropathy, the inversion of the foot is normal because
the tibialis posterior muscle, which provides inversion of the foot, is innervated by the tibial nerve. In the differential diagnosis, examination and imaging methods such as direct radiographs, EMG, and MRI should be used in addition to clinical examination. In this article, we present peroneal entrapment neuropathy detected simultaneously in a right hemiplegic patient with a diagnosis of subdural hematoma after a vehicular traffic accident. In immobilized patients with loss of consciousness, prolonged intubation, and intensive care unit hospitalization, entrapment of peripheral nerves due
to external compression may be observed. When planning our diagnostic and treatment algorithm, personal habits and possible etiologic factors should be evaluated together.